AI agents can conduct rigorous science when designed to scrutinize each other's claims, validate theoretical predictions experimentally, and reject results that don't meet acceptance criteria—moving beyond generating plausible-sounding conclusions to actually testing them.
Researchers built an autonomous lab where AI agents collaborate to conduct full research cycles—from formulating questions to running experiments on quantum systems. The agents challenge each other's work, design experiments to test predictions, and crucially, reject inconclusive results and improve protocols.